August 2025– date –

Appendix: IL-6R Inhibitors & Company Landscape (as of Aug 2025) A quick map of who owns which IL-6R blockers and current approved uses, to inform combo trials and partnering around the neuro-immune loop discussed above. Approved agen...

Introduction: A New Relationship Between Transcription Factors and DNA Repair Recent cancer research has highlighted DNA replication errors and defects in repair mechanisms as central drivers of tumorigenesis. The mismatch repair (MMR) s...

Fresh data in Science Signaling (2025) show that tumor-derived small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) reprogram TRPV1+ nociceptors, boosting IL-6 and Substance P, thereby increasing MDSC infiltration and CD8 T-cell exhaustion—a neuro-immune...

Introduction: Why Pancreatic Cancer Is So Difficult to Treat Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains one of the most lethal malignancies, with a dismal 5-year survival rate of about 10%. Three major challenges underlie this poor ...

Trilogy Subtitles＋Series Summary Part 1: Biological Background of KRAS-mutant PDAC and Theoretical Basis of Cancer Vaccines Part 2: Clinical Advances in RNA Vaccines and the AMPLIFY-201 Trial Part 3: CAR-T Integration and Next-generatio...

Trilogy Subtitles Part 1: Biological Background of KRAS-mutant PDAC and Theoretical Basis of Cancer Vaccines Part 2: Clinical Advances in RNA Vaccines and the AMPLIFY-201 Trial Part 3: CAR-T Integration and Next-generation Vaccine Design...

Trilogy Subtitles Part 1: Biological Background of KRAS-mutant PDAC and Theoretical Basis of Cancer Vaccines Part 2: Clinical Advances in RNA Vaccines and the AMPLIFY-201 Trial Part 3: CAR-T Integration and Next-generation Vaccine Design...

Trilogy Subtitles Part 1: Biological Background of KRAS-mutant PDAC and Theoretical Basis of Cancer Vaccines Part 2: Clinical Advances in RNA Vaccines and the AMPLIFY-201 Trial Part 3: CAR-T Integration and Next-generation Vaccine Design...

This article is the second half of the Morningglorysciences Summer Beginner Series Grand Summary. In Part 1, we reviewed anti-obesity drugs, ADCs, and In vivo CAR-T cell therapy, comparing their strengths and shared challenges. Here in P...

In recent years, the question of whether RNA can serve as a viable therapeutic target has become one of the most exciting debates in life sciences and drug discovery. Traditionally, drug development has focused on proteins as the primary...

Recent research highlights that aging and obesity each independently promote cancer progression and can act synergistically to worsen outcomes. However, weight loss appears capable of rejuvenating immune function and suppressing tumor gr...

On August 19, 2025, U.S.-based biotech company Viking Therapeutics announced results from its Phase 2 trial of the oral obesity drug VK2735. While the therapy demonstrated up to 12.2% weight loss over 13 weeks, a high discontinuation rat...

This article is the first half of the Morningglorysciences Summer Beginner Series Grand Summary. We revisit three major therapeutic modalities—anti-obesity drugs, antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), and In vivo CAR-T cell therapy—highlighti...

This article is the comprehensive summary of our Morningglorysciences Summer Beginner Series on “In vivo CAR-T.” Previous articles covered the basics, leading researchers and companies, technical challenges, and global partnerships. Here...

This article is the comprehensive summary of our Morningglorysciences Summer Beginner Series on Antibody-Drug Conjugates (ADCs). Throughout the series, we introduced the basics, design principles, historical improvements, and clinical ap...

This article is a comprehensive summary of our Morningglorysciences Summer Beginner Series on anti-obesity drugs. Throughout the series, we explored the history of obesity treatments, the clinical progress of GLP-1 receptor agonists, and...

Introduction As of August 2025, the obesity drug race is undergoing major shifts. Eli Lilly and Novo Nordisk remain dominant, but biotech challengers and Big Pharma entries are redrawing the competitive map. This article reviews the late...

Introduction The blood-brain barrier (BBB) and blood-retina barrier (BRB) are essential for maintaining the homeostasis of the central nervous system (CNS). They selectively allow the passage of nutrients and hormones while blocking toxi...

Even with solved structures, folding thermodynamics (ΔG) has long been hard to see. Recent work closes this gap with mega-scale measurements and a simple scheme—additive energy models with sparse pairwise couplings. This article connects...

In this final deep-dive of our beginner-friendly bispecific antibody series, we explore the historical trajectory of bispecific antibody (BsAb) technology. From early-stage instability to today’s modular, multifunctional platforms, the e...