Building on Volume 1, we dissect the convergent finding across the three April 2026 Nature Medicine trials: FMT works because patients lose their own deleterious bacteria, not because they acquire donor bacteria. FMT-LUMINate’s mouse reverse-experiment proved causality. Mechanism: tryptophan/kynurenine pathway disturbance, IDO/AhR axis, regulatory T-cell expansion. Vol. 2 of the series.
In April 2026, Nature Medicine Vol. 32 No. 4 published three FMT-plus-immunotherapy trials in a single issue: 80% ORR in NSCLC, and a doubling of progression-free survival in metastatic RCC (24.0 vs 9.0 months, HR 0.50). But the deeper significance lies not in the numbers — it is the shared mechanistic finding that responders selectively lost their own deleterious bacteria, rather than acquiring beneficial bacteria from the donor. Volume 1 of our series surveys all three trials and what their simultaneous publication means.
At SABCS 2025, multimodal AI (ICM+ model) outperforms Oncotype DX for 15-year recurrence prediction (C-index 0.733 vs 0.631). Final volume of our series.
